Compton在CentOS上的使用教程有哪些

Installing Compton on CentOS
To use Compton on CentOS, you first need to install it. The package is available in the EPEL (Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux) repository, which may not be enabled by default. Here’s how to proceed:

• Update System Packages: Run sudo yum update -y (for CentOS 7) or sudo dnf update -y (for CentOS 8/9) to ensure your system is up to date.
• Enable EPEL Repository: Install EPEL using sudo yum install epel-release -y (CentOS 7) or sudo dnf install epel-release -y (CentOS 8/9).
• Install Compton: For CentOS 7, use sudo yum install compton -y; for CentOS 8/9, use sudo dnf install compton -y.
• Source Code Compilation (Optional): If you need the latest version, you can compile Compton from source. Install dependencies with sudo yum groupinstall "Development Tools" mesa-libGL-devel libX11-devel -y, then clone the repository (git clone https://github.com/astraeador/compton.git), create a build directory, and run cmake .. & & make & & sudo make install.

Configuring Compton
Compton’s configuration is managed via a config file (typically ~/.config/compton.conf for user-specific settings or /etc/compton.conf for system-wide defaults). Here are key options and examples:

• Basic Configuration: Start with a minimal config to enable core features. For example:

  backend = "glx";
         Use GLX for better performance (recommended for most systems)
  shadow = true;
           Enable window shadows
  shadow-exclude = [".*Firefox.*", ".*gnome-terminal.*"];
         Exclude apps from shadows
  opacity = false;
         Disable window transparency (improves performance)
  vsync = true;
            Enable vertical sync to reduce screen tearing
  

• Performance Optimization: To reduce CPU/GPU load, add these options:

  glx-no-stencil = true;
         Disable stencil buffer (saves memory)
  frame-rate = 30;
               Limit frame rate to 30 FPS (adjust based on your GPU)
  

• Multi-Monitor Support: If you use multiple displays, configure xrandr-args to match your setup. For example, to extend displays horizontally:

  xrandr-args = "--output HDMI-1 --auto --right-of eDP-1 --output DP-1 --auto --right-of HDMI-1";
      
  

Save the config file after making changes.

Starting and Enabling Compton
You can start Compton manually or set it to launch at boot:

• Manual Start: Run compton -c ~/.config/compton.conf (replace with your config path) to start Compton with your custom settings.
• Systemd Service (Recommended): Create a systemd service for automatic startup.
  1. Create a service file: sudo nano /etc/systemd/system/compton.service.
  2. Add the following content (adjust the config path if needed):

     [Unit]
     Description=Compton Window Compositor
     After=graphical.target
     [Service]
     ExecStart=/usr/bin/compton -c ~/.config/compton.conf
     Restart=always
     [Install]
     WantedBy=multi-user.target
     

  3. Reload systemd, enable the service, and start it:

     sudo systemctl daemon-reload
     sudo systemctl enable compton
     sudo systemctl start compton
     

Check the service status with sudo systemctl status compton to ensure it’s running.

Troubleshooting Common Issues

• Black Screen or Freeze: Disable hardware acceleration by setting glx-hardware = false in your config file and restart Compton.
• High CPU Usage: Lower the frame-rate (e.g., to 20) or disable shadows (shadow = false) to reduce resource consumption.
• Missing Shadows: Verify that shadow = true is set and that no apps are excluded in shadow-exclude.
• Configuration Errors: Run compton --log-level debug to view detailed logs and identify issues.

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