phpstorm在Debian如何使用git

Installing Git on Debian
Before integrating Git with PhpStorm, ensure Git is installed on your Debian system. Run the following commands in the terminal:

sudo apt update
sudo apt install git -y

Verify the installation by checking the version:

git --version

This should display the installed Git version (e.g., git version 2.45.1).

Configuring Git Global Settings
Set your username and email (required for commit authorship) using these commands:

git config --global user.name "Your Name"
git config --global user.email "your.email@example.com"

You can verify the settings with:

git config --global --list
```.  

**Integrating Git with PhpStorm**  
1. **Open PhpStorm and Access Git Settings**:  
   Launch PhpStorm and open your project. Go to `File >
     Settings` (Linux/Windows) or `PhpStorm >
     Preferences` (macOS). Navigate to `Version Control >
     Git`.  
2. **Specify Git Executable Path**:  
   In the "Path to Git executable" field, enter `/usr/bin/git` (default installation path for Debian). Click the **Test** button to confirm PhpStorm can recognize Git.  
3. **Enable Version Control for the Project**:  
   If your project isn’t already under Git version control, go to `VCS >
     Enable Version Control Integration`. Select "Git" from the dropdown and click **OK**.  

**Initializing a Git Repository**  
If your project hasn’t been initialized as a Git repository, right-click the project root directory in the **Project** view and select `Git >
     Initialize Repository`. This creates a `.git` folder in your project root, marking it as a Git-managed project.  

**Connecting to a Remote Repository**  
To link your local project to a remote repository (e.g., GitHub, GitLab):  
1. Open the **Version Control** tool window (View >
     Tool Windows >
     Version Control).  
2. Click the **+** icon in the top-left corner and select `Git >
     Remotes`.  
3. In the "Git Remotes" dialog, click the **+** button to add a new remote. Enter a name (e.g., "origin") and the remote repository URL (e.g., `https://github.com/username/repo.git`). Click **OK** to save.  

**Basic Git Operations in PhpStorm**  
- **Commit Changes**:  
  Right-click the project root or modified files in the **Project** view. Select `Git >
     Commit Directory`. In the commit dialog, enter a message describing the changes, select the files to include, and click **Commit** (or **Commit and Push** to push immediately).  
- **Push to Remote**:  
  Right-click the project root and select `Git >
     Repository >
     Push`. Choose the remote repository (e.g., "origin") and branch (e.g., "main"), then click **Push**.  
- **Pull from Remote**:  
  Right-click the project root and select `Git >
     Repository >
     Pull`. Select the remote repository and branch, then click **Pull** to fetch and merge changes.  
- **Branch Management**:  
  Use the **Git Branches** popup (View >
     Tool Windows >
     Git >
     Branches) to create, switch, or merge branches. Click the branch dropdown, select **New Branch** to create a branch, or **Checkout** to switch branches.  

**Troubleshooting Common Issues**  
- **PhpStorm Can’t Find Git**: Ensure Git is installed and the path in `Settings >
     Version Control >
     Git` is correct. Click **Test** to validate.  
- **Authentication Failures**: If using HTTPS, ensure your credentials are correct. For SSH, verify your SSH key is added to the ssh-agent (`eval $(ssh-agent) &
    &
     ssh-add ~/.ssh/id_rsa`) and the public key is registered with your Git provider (e.g., GitHub).  
- **Connection Timeouts**: Check your network proxy settings in `Settings >
     Appearance &
     Behavior >
     System Settings >
     HTTP Proxy`. Disable the proxy or configure it correctly if you’re behind a firewall.

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