html5表单上传控件Files API

表单上传控件：input tyPE="file" />

（IE9及以下不支持下面这些功能，其它浏览器最新版本均已支持。）

1、允许上传文件数量

允许选择多个文件：input type="file" multiple>

只允许上传一个文件：input  type="file" single>

2、上传指定的文件格式

input type="file" accept="image/gif,image/png" />

这里的上传格式仅指打开上传弹窗选择文件时默认的文件格式，可手动修改成其它文件格式。

如果不限制上传图片的格式可写成：accept="image/*"

其它格式参考如下：

*.3gpp audio/3gpp, video/3gpp 3GPP Audio/Video
*.ac3 audio/ac3 AC3 Audio
*.asf allpication/vnd.ms-asf Advanced Streaming Format
*.au audio/basic AU Audio
*.css text/css CasCADing Style Sheets
*.csv text/csv Comma Separated Values
*.doc application/msword MS Word Document
*.dot application/msword MS Word Template
*.dtd application/XMl-dtd Document Type DefinITion
*.dwg image/vnd.dwg AutoCAD Drawing Database
*.dxf image/vnd.dxf AutoCAD Drawing Interchange Format
*.gif image/gif Graphic Interchange Format
*.htm text/htML HyperText Markup Language
*.html text/html HyperText Markup Language
*.jp2 image/jp2 JPEG-2000
*.jpe image/jpeg JPEG
*.jpeg image/jpeg JPEG
*.jpg image/jpeg JPEG
*.js text/javascript, application/javascript JavaScript
*.JSON application/json JavaScript Object Notation
*.mp2 audio/mpeg, video/mpeg MPEG Audio/Video Stream, Layer II
*.mP3 audio/mpeg MPEG Audio Stream, Layer III
*.mp4 audio/mp4, video/mp4 MPEG-4 Audio/Video
*.mpeg video/mpeg MPEG Video Stream, Layer II
*.mpg video/mpeg MPEG Video Stream, Layer II
*.mpp application/vnd.ms-PRoject MS Project Project
*.ogg application/ogg, audio/ogg Ogg Vorbis
*.pDF application/pdf Portable Document Format
*.png image/png Portable Network Graphics
*.pot application/vnd.ms-powerpoint MS PowerPoint Template
*.pps application/vnd.ms-powerpoint MS PowerPoint Slideshow
*.ppt application/vnd.ms-powerpoint MS PowerPoint Presentation
*.rtf application/rtf, text/rtf Rich Text Format
*.svf image/vnd.svf Simple Vector Format
*.tif image/tiff Tagged Image Format File
*.tiff image/tiff Tagged Image Format File
*.txt text/plain Plain Text
*.wdb application/vnd.ms-works MS Works Database
*.WPS application/vnd.ms-works Works Text Document
*.xhtml application/xhtml+xml Extensible HyperText Markup Language
*.xlc application/vnd.ms-excel MS Excel Chart
*.xlm application/vnd.ms-excel MS Excel Macro
*.xls application/vnd.ms-excel MS Excel Spreadsheet
*.xlt application/vnd.ms-excel MS Excel Template
*.xlw application/vnd.ms-excel MS Excel Workspace
*.xml text/xml, application/xml Extensible Markup Language
*.zip aplication/zip ComPressed Archive

3、FileList上传文件数组

FileList对象都是一组文件对象的集合，而文件对象则拥有下列的属性：
name – 文件名（不包含路径）
type – 文件的MIME类型（小写）
size – 文件的尺寸（单位为字节）

lastModifiedDate 为上传文件的最后修改时间

通过上面的几个对象，我们能够控制用户上传的文件大小和文件类型，以便减轻服务器再次检测时的压力，并提升安全系数。

[javascript]
VAR a=document.getElementById("file");  
a.onchange=function(e){  
SPAN style="WHITE-sPACE: pre"> /SPAN> e=e || window.event;  
SPAN style="WHITE-SPACE: pre"> /SPAN> var b=e.target.files;  
SPAN style="WHITE-SPACE: pre"> /SPAN> alert(b[0].name);  
}  

var a=document.getElementById("file");
a.onchange=function(e){
 e=e || window.event;
 var b=e.target.files;
 alert(b[0].name);
}
4、拖动上传

datatransfer 对象
dropEffect[=sCursorStyle]
设置或获取拖拽操作的类型和要显示的光标类型
copy：复制样式被显示
link：链接样式被显示
move：移动样式被显示
none：默认,没有鼠标样式被定义

effectAllowed[=sEffect]
设置或获取数据传送操作可应用与该对象的源元素
copy 选项被复制
link  选项被dataTransfer作为link方式保存
move  当放置时,对象被移动至目标对象
copylink  选项是被复制还是被作为link方式保存关键在于目标对象
linkmove 选项是被作为link方式保存还是被移动关键在于目标对象
all 所有效果都被支持
none 不支持任何效果
uninitialized 默认不能通过这个属性传递任何值

setData(sFormat,sData)     将指定格式的数据赋值给dataTransfer或者clipboardData     sFormat:URL,Text
getData(sFormat)     从dataTransfer或者clipboardData中获取值     sFormat:URL,Text
clearData([sFormat])     通过dataTransfer或者clipboardData中删除某种格式的数据     sFormat:Text,URL,File,HTML,Image

[html]
!DOCTYPE HTML>   
html>   
head>   
meta charset="utf-8">   
title> /title>   
style type="text/css">  
#DropZone{ border:1px solid #CCC; height:50px; }  
/style>  
/head>  
body>  
input type="file" multiple accept="image/gif,image/png" id="file">  
p id="DropZone"> /p>  
p id="Lists"> /p>  
script>  
var aa=document.getElementById("file");  
aa.onchange=function(){  
    fileDrop();  
}  
 
function fileDrop(e) {  
    e = e || window.event;  
      
    e.stopPropagation(); // 阻止冒泡 
    e.preventDefault();   //阻止默认行为 
      
    var files = e.dataTransfer.files;    //FileList 
      
    var output = [];  
      
    for(var i = 0, f; f = files[i]; i++) {  
        output.push('li> strong> ' + f.name + '/strong> (' + f.type + ') - ' + f.size +' bytes/li> ');  
    }  
      
    document.getElementById('Lists').innerHTML = 'ul> ' + output.join('') + '/ul> ';  
} ;  
  
function DragOver(e) {  
    e = e || window.event;  
      
    e.stopPropagation();  
    e.preventDefault();  
    e.dataTransfer.dropEffect = 'copy'; //指定拖放视觉效果 
} ;  
var d = document.getElementById('DropZone');  
  
try {  
    d.addEventListener('dragover', dragOver, false);  
    d.addEventListener('drop', fileDrop, false) 
} catch(ex) {  
    document.write('something must be wrong!');  
}  
 
/script>  
/body>  
/html>  

!DOCTYPE HTML>
html>
head>
meta charset="utf-8">
title> /title>
style type="text/css">
#DropZone{ border:1px solid #CCC; height:50px; }
/style>
/head>
body>
input type="file" multiple accept="image/gif,image/png" id="file">
p id="DropZone"> /p>
p id="Lists"> /p>
script>
var aa=document.getElementById("file");
aa.onchange=function(){
 fileDrop();
}

function fileDrop(e) {
    e = e || window.event;
    
    e.stopPropagation(); // 阻止冒泡
    e.preventDefault();   //阻止默认行为
    
    var files = e.dataTransfer.files;    //FileList
    
    var output = [];
    
    for(var i = 0, f; f = files[i]; i++) {
        output.push('li> strong> ' + f.name + '/strong> (' + f.type + ') - ' + f.size +' bytes/li> ');
    }
    
    document.getElementById('Lists').innerHTML = 'ul> ' + output.join('') + '/ul> ';
} ;
 
function dragOver(e) {
    e = e || window.event;
    
    e.stopPropagation();
    e.preventDefault();
    e.dataTransfer.dropEffect = 'copy'; //指定拖放视觉效果
} ;
var d = document.getElementById('DropZone');
 
try {
    d.addEventListener('dragover', dragOver, false);
    d.addEventListener('drop', fileDrop, false)
} catch(ex) {
    document.write('something must be wrong!');
}

/script>
/body>
/html>
5、FileReader文件预览，读取文件数据（同时可读取图片文件宽高）

FileReader包含四种异步读取文件的方式：
FileReader.readAsBinaryString(Blob|File) - result属性包含的是file/blob的二进制字符串形式的数据。每个字节由一个0-255的整数表示。
FileReader.readAsText(Blob|File, opt_encoding) - result属性包含的是以文本方式表示的file/blob数据。默认情况下，字符串以'UTF-8'编码方式解码。使用Opt_encoding参数可以指定一个不同的格式。
FileReader.readAsDataURL(Blob|File) - result属性包含的是以data URL编码的file/blob数据。
FileReader.readAsArrayBuffer(Blob|File) - result属性包含的是以ArrayBuffer对象表示的file/blob数据。
一旦这些read方法被调用，onloadstart, onprogress, onload, onabort, onerror, onloadend就可以被用来追踪进度。

上传图片预览：

[html]
!DOCTYPE HTML>   
html>   
head>   
meta charset="utf-8">   
title> /title>   
style type="text/css">  
body{ margin:0; padding:0; }  
img{ vertical-align:bottom; }  
/style>  
/head>  
body>  
input type="file" multiple accept="image/gif,image/png,,image/jpeg" id="Files">  
p id="Preview"> /p>  
ul id="Errors"> /ul>  
script>  
function fileSelect(e) {  
    e = e || window.event;  
      
    var files = e.target.files;   //FileList Objects     
    var ireg = /image//.*/i, 
        p = document.getElementById('Preview');  
          
    var ul = document.getElementById('Errors');  
    for(var i = 0, f; f = files[i]; i++) {  
        if(!f.type.match(ireg)) {  
            //设置错误信息 
            var li = document.createElement('li');  
            li.innerHTML = 'li> ' + f.name +'不是图片文件./li> ';  
              
            ul.appendChild(li);  
              
            continue;  
        }  
          
        var reader = new FileReader();  
          
        reader.onload = (function(file) {  
            return function(e) {  
                var span = document.createElement('span');  
                var img = new Image;  
                img.alt=file.name;  
                img.onload = function() {  
                    console.LOG(img.height); // image is loaded; sizes are available 
                } ;  
 
                img.src=this.result;  
                span.innerHTML = 'img class="thumb" src="'+ this.result +'" alt="'+ file.name +'" /> ';  
                  
                p.insertBefore(span, null);  
            } ;  
        } )(f);  
        //读取文件内容 
        reader.readAsDataURL(f);  
    }  
}  
      
if(window.File & & window.FileList & & window.FileReader & & window.Blob) {  
    document.getElementById('Files').addEventListener('change', fileSelect, false);  
} else {  
    document.write('您的浏览器不支持File Api');  
}  
/script>  
/body>  
/html>  

!DOCTYPE HTML>
html>
head>
meta charset="utf-8">
title> /title>
style type="text/css">
body{ margin:0; padding:0; }
img{ vertical-align:bottom; }
/style>
/head>
body>
input type="file" multiple accept="image/gif,image/png,,image/jpeg" id="Files">
p id="Preview"> /p>
ul id="Errors"> /ul>
script>
function fileSelect(e) {
    e = e || window.event;
    
    var files = e.target.files;   //FileList Objects   
    var ireg = /image//.*/i,
        p = document.getElementById('Preview');
        
    var ul = document.getElementById('Errors');
    for(var i = 0, f; f = files[i]; i++) {
        if(!f.type.match(ireg)) {
            //设置错误信息
            var li = document.createElement('li');
            li.innerHTML = 'li> ' + f.name +'不是图片文件./li> ';
            
            ul.appendChild(li);
            
            continue;
        }
        
        var reader = new FileReader();
        
        reader.onload = (function(file) {
            return function(e) {
                var span = document.createElement('span');
    var img = new Image;
    img.alt=file.name;
    img.onload = function() {
     console.log(img.height); // image is loaded; sizes are available
    } ;

    img.src=this.result;
                span.innerHTML = 'img class="thumb" src="'+ this.result +'" alt="'+ file.name +'" /> ';
                
                p.insertBefore(span, null);
            } ;
        } )(f);
        //读取文件内容
        reader.readAsDataURL(f);
    }
}
    
if(window.File & & window.FileList & & window.FileReader & & window.Blob) {
    document.getElementById('Files').addEventListener('change', fileSelect, false);
} else {
    document.write('您的浏览器不支持File Api');
}
/script>
/body>
/html>
上传txt文件内容预览(需对> & '"|等符号进行过滤否则会中断读取)：

[html]
!DOCTYPE HTML>   
html>   
head>   
meta charset="utf-8">   
title> /title>   
style type="text/css">  
body{ margin:0; padding:0; }  
img{ vertical-align:bottom; }  
/style>  
/head>  
body>  
input type="file" multiple id="Files">  
p id="Preview"> /p>  
ul id="Errors"> /ul>  
script>  
function encodeHTML(source) {    
    //return source;  
    return source   
            .replace(/& /g, '& ')   
            .replace(//g, '')   
            .replace(/> /g, '> ') 
            .replace(//"/g, '"');  
} ;    
function fileSelect(e) {    
    e = e || window.event;    
        
    var files = e.target.files;   //FileList Objects       
    var ireg = /text//.*/i,   
        p = document.getElementById('Preview');    
            
    var ul = document.getElementById('Errors');    
    for(var i = 0, f; f = files[i]; i++) {    
        console.log(f.type);    
        if(!f.type.match(ireg)) {    
            //设置错误信息   
            var li = document.createElement('li');    
            li.innerHTML = 'li> ' + f.name +'不是文本文件./li> ';    
                
            ul.appendChild(li);    
                
            continue;    
        }    
            
        var reader = new FileReader();    
            
        reader.onload = (function(file) {    
            return function(e) {    
                var p = document.createElement('p');    
                p.classname = "text"   
                p.innerHTML = encodeHTML(this.result);    
                    
                p.insertBefore(p, null);    
            } ;    
        } )(f);    
        //读取文件内容   
        reader.readAsText(f);    
    }    
}    
        
if(window.File & & window.FileList & & window.FileReader & & window.Blob) {    
    document.getElementById('Files').addEventListener('change', fileSelect, false);    
} else {    
    document.write('您的浏览器不支持File Api');    
}    
/script>  
/body>  
/html>  

!DOCTYPE HTML>
html>
head>
meta charset="utf-8">
title> /title>
style type="text/css">
body{ margin:0; padding:0; }
img{ vertical-align:bottom; }
/style>
/head>
body>
input type="file" multiple id="Files">
p id="Preview"> /p>
ul id="Errors"> /ul>
script>
function encodeHTML(source) {  
 //return source;
    return source 
            .replace(/& /g, '& ') 
            .replace(//g, '') 
            .replace(/> /g, '> ')
            .replace(//"/g, '"');
} ;  
function fileSelect(e) {  
    e = e || window.event;  
      
    var files = e.target.files;   //FileList Objects     
    var ireg = /text//.*/i, 
        p = document.getElementById('Preview');  
          
    var ul = document.getElementById('Errors');  
    for(var i = 0, f; f = files[i]; i++) {  
        console.log(f.type);  
        if(!f.type.match(ireg)) {  
            //设置错误信息 
            var li = document.createElement('li');  
            li.innerHTML = 'li> ' + f.name +'不是文本文件./li> ';  
              
            ul.appendChild(li);  
              
            continue;  
        }  
          
        var reader = new FileReader();  
          
        reader.onload = (function(file) {  
            return function(e) {  
                var p = document.createElement('p');  
                p.className = "text" 
                p.innerHTML = encodeHTML(this.result);  
                  
                p.insertBefore(p, null);  
            } ;  
        } )(f);  
        //读取文件内容 
        reader.readAsText(f);  
    }  
}  
      
if(window.File & & window.FileList & & window.FileReader & & window.Blob) {  
    document.getElementById('Files').addEventListener('change', fileSelect, false);  
} else {  
    document.write('您的浏览器不支持File Api');  
}  
/script>
/body>
/html>
读取上传txt指定区域文本内容：

[html]
!DOCTYPE HTML>   
html>   
head>   
meta charset="utf-8">   
title> /title>   
style type="text/css">  
body{ margin:0; padding:0; }  
img{ vertical-align:bottom; }  
/style>  
/head>  
body>  
input type="file" multiple id="Files">  
button type="button" id="buttons" data-start="0" data-end="3"> 确定/button>  
p id="range"> /p>  
p id="content"> /p>  
script>  
 
function readBlob(start, end) {    
    var files = document.getElementById('Files').files;    
        
    if(!files.length) {    
        alert('请选择文件');    
        return false;    
    }    
        
    var file = files[0],   
        start = parseInt(start, 10) || 0,   
        end = parseInt(end, 10) || (file.size - 1);    
            
    var r = document.getElementById('range'),   
        c = document.getElementById('content');    
            
    var reader = new FileReader();    
 
    reader.onloadend = function(e) {    
        if(this.readyState == FileReader.DONE) {    
            c.textContent = this.result;    
            r.textContent = "Read bytes: " + (start + 1) + " - " + (end + 1) + " of " + file.size + " bytes";    
        }    
    } ;    
 
    var blob;    
         
    blob = file.slice(start, end + 1, 'text/plain; charset=UTF-8');    
    reader.readAsBinaryString(blob);    
} ;    
    
try {    
    document.getElementById('buttons').addEventListener('click', function(e) {    
        if(e.target.tagName.toLowerCase() == 'button') {    
            var start = e.target.getAttribute('data-start'),   
                end = e.target.getAttribute('data-end');    
                    
            readBlob(start, end);    
        }      
    } );    
} catch(ex) {    
    alert('something error happens!')   
}    
/script>  
/body>  
/html>  

!DOCTYPE HTML>
html>
head>
meta charset="utf-8">
title> /title>
style type="text/css">
body{ margin:0; padding:0; }
img{ vertical-align:bottom; }
/style>
/head>
body>
input type="file" multiple id="Files">
button type="button" id="buttons" data-start="0" data-end="3"> 确定/button>
p id="range"> /p>
p id="content"> /p>
script>

function readBlob(start, end) {  
    var files = document.getElementById('Files').files;  
      
    if(!files.length) {  
        alert('请选择文件');  
        return false;  
    }  
      
    var file = files[0], 
        start = parseInt(start, 10) || 0, 
        end = parseInt(end, 10) || (file.size - 1);  
          
    var r = document.getElementById('range'), 
        c = document.getElementById('content');  
          
    var reader = new FileReader();  

    reader.onloadend = function(e) {  
        if(this.readystate == FileReader.DONE) {  
            c.textContent = this.result;  
            r.textContent = "Read bytes: " + (start + 1) + " - " + (end + 1) + " of " + file.size + " bytes";  
        }  
    } ;  

    var blob;  
       
    blob = file.slice(start, end + 1, 'text/plain; charset=UTF-8');  
    reader.readAsBinaryString(blob);  
} ;  
  
try {  
    document.getElementById('buttons').addEventListener('click', function(e) {  
        if(e.target.tagName.toLowerCase() == 'button') {  
            var start = e.target.getAttribute('data-start'), 
                end = e.target.getAttribute('data-end');  
                  
            readBlob(start, end);  
        }    
    } );  
} catch(ex) {  
    alert('something error happens!') 
}  
/script>
/body>
/html> File接口提供了slice方法支持把文件切成不同的片段,第一个参数是起始的字节数,第二个参数是结束的字节数，还有一个可选的内容类型字符串可以作为第三个参数。早期的chrome和firefox版本不支持file.slice   可使用file.webkitSlice和file.mozSlice替代，最新版本均支持file.slice。

6、文件读取进度

[html]
!DOCTYPE HTML>   
html>   
head>   
meta charset="utf-8">   
title> /title>   
/head>  
body>  
form>    
    fieldset>    
        legend> 分度读取文件：/legend>    
        input type="file" id="File" />    
        input type="button" value="中断" id="Abort" />    
        p>    
            label> 读取进度：/label> progress id="Progress" value="0" max="100"> /progress>    
        /p>    
        p id="Status"> /p>    
    /fieldset>    
/form>    
 
script>  
var h = {    
    init: function() {    
        var me = this;    
            
        document.getElementById('File').onchange = me.fileHandler;    
        document.getElementById('Abort').onclick = me.abortHandler;    
            
        me.status = document.getElementById('Status');    
        me.progress = document.getElementById('Progress');    
        me.percent = document.getElementById('Percent');    
            
        me.loaded = 0;    
        //每次读取1M   
        me.step = 1024 * 1024;    
        me.times = 0;    
    } ,   
    fileHandler: function(e) {    
        var me = h;    
            
        var file = me.file = this.files[0];    
        var reader = me.reader = new FileReader();    
            
        //   
        me.total = file.size;    
            
        reader.onloadstart = me.onLoadStart;    
        reader.onprogress = me.onProgress;    
        reader.onabort = me.onAbort;    
        reader.onerror = me.onerror;    
        reader.onload = me.onLoad;    
        reader.onloadend = me.onLoadEnd;    
        //读取第一块   
        me.readBlob(file, 0);  
    } ,   
    onLoadStart: function() {    
        var me = h;    
    } ,   
    onProgress: function(e) {    
        var me = h;    
            
        me.loaded += e.loaded;    
        //更新进度条   
        me.progress.value = (me.loaded / me.total) * 100;    
    } ,   
    onAbort: function() {    
        var me = h;    
    } ,   
    onError: function() {    
        var me = h;    
            
    } ,   
    onLoad: function() {    
        var me = h;    
    
        if(me.loaded me.total) {    
            me.readBlob(me.loaded);    
        } else {    
            me.loaded = me.total;    
        }    
    } ,   
    onLoadEnd: function() {    
        var me = h;    
            
    } ,   
    readBlob: function(start) {    
        var me = h;    
            
        var blob,   
            file = me.file;    
            
        me.times += 1;    
            
        if(file.slice) {    
            blob = file.slice(start, start + me.step + 1);    
        } else if(file.mozSlice) {    
            blob = file.mozSlice(start, start + me.step + 1);    
        }    
            
        me.reader.readAsText(blob);    
    } ,   
    abortHandler: function() {    
        var me = h;    
            
        if(me.reader) {    
            me.reader.abort();    
        }    
    }    
} ;    
    
h.init();    
/script>  
/body>  
/html>  

!DOCTYPE HTML>
html>
head>
meta charset="utf-8">
title> /title>
/head>
body>
form>  
    fieldset>  
        legend> 分度读取文件：/legend>  
        input type="file" id="File" />  
        input type="button" value="中断" id="Abort" />  
        p>  
            label> 读取进度：/label> progress id="Progress" value="0" max="100"> /progress>  
        /p>  
        p id="Status"> /p>  
    /fieldset>  
/form>  

script>
var h = {  
    init: function() {  
        var me = this;  
          
        document.getElementById('File').onchange = me.fileHandler;  
        document.getElementById('Abort').onclick = me.abortHandler;  
          
        me.status = document.getElementById('Status');  
        me.progress = document.getElementById('Progress');  
        me.percent = document.getElementById('Percent');  
          
        me.loaded = 0;  
        //每次读取1M 
        me.step = 1024 * 1024;  
        me.times = 0;  
    } , 
    fileHandler: function(e) {  
        var me = h;  
          
        var file = me.file = this.files[0];  
        var reader = me.reader = new FileReader();  
          
        // 
        me.total = file.size;  
          
        reader.onloadstart = me.onLoadStart;  
        reader.onprogress = me.onProgress;  
        reader.onabort = me.onAbort;  
        reader.onerror = me.onerror;  
        reader.onload = me.onLoad;  
        reader.onloadend = me.onLoadEnd;  
        //读取第一块 
        me.readBlob(file, 0);
    } , 
    onLoadStart: function() {  
        var me = h;  
    } , 
    onProgress: function(e) {  
        var me = h;  
          
        me.loaded += e.loaded;  
        //更新进度条 
        me.progress.value = (me.loaded / me.total) * 100;  
    } , 
    onAbort: function() {  
        var me = h;  
    } , 
    onError: function() {  
        var me = h;  
          
    } , 
    onLoad: function() {  
        var me = h;  
  
        if(me.loaded me.total) {  
            me.readBlob(me.loaded);  
        } else {  
            me.loaded = me.total;  
        }  
    } , 
    onLoadEnd: function() {  
        var me = h;  
          
    } , 
    readBlob: function(start) {  
        var me = h;  
          
        var blob, 
            file = me.file;  
          
        me.times += 1;  
          
        if(file.slice) {  
            blob = file.slice(start, start + me.step + 1);  
        } else if(file.mozSlice) {  
            blob = file.mozSlice(start, start + me.step + 1);  
        }  
          
        me.reader.readAsText(blob);  
    } , 
    abortHandler: function() {  
        var me = h;  
          
        if(me.reader) {  
            me.reader.abort();  
        }  
    }  
} ;  
  
h.init();  
/script>
/body>
/html>

表单上传控件：input type="file" />

（IE9及以下不支持下面这些功能，其它浏览器最新版本均已支持。）

1、允许上传文件数量

允许选择多个文件：input type="file" multiple>

只允许上传一个文件：input  type="file" single>

2、上传指定的文件格式

input type="file" accept="image/gif,image/png" />

这里的上传格式仅指打开上传弹窗选择文件时默认的文件格式，可手动修改成其它文件格式。

如果不限制上传图片的格式可写成：accept="image/*"

其它格式参考如下：

*.3gpp audio/3gpp, video/3gpp 3GPP Audio/Video
*.ac3 audio/ac3 AC3 Audio
*.asf allpication/vnd.ms-asf Advanced Streaming Format
*.au audio/basic AU Audio
*.css text/css Cascading Style Sheets
*.csv text/csv Comma Separated Values
*.doc application/msword MS Word Document
*.dot application/msword MS Word Template
*.dtd application/xml-dtd Document Type Definition
*.dwg image/vnd.dwg AutoCAD Drawing Database
*.dxf image/vnd.dxf AutoCAD Drawing Interchange Format
*.gif image/gif Graphic Interchange Format
*.htm text/html HyperText Markup Language
*.html text/html HyperText Markup Language
*.jp2 image/jp2 JPEG-2000
*.jpe image/jpeg JPEG
*.jpeg image/jpeg JPEG
*.jpg image/jpeg JPEG
*.js text/javascript, application/javascript JavaScript
*.json application/json JavaScript Object Notation
*.mp2 audio/mpeg, video/mpeg MPEG Audio/Video Stream, Layer II
*.mp3 audio/mpeg MPEG Audio Stream, Layer III
*.mp4 audio/mp4, video/mp4 MPEG-4 Audio/Video
*.mpeg video/mpeg MPEG Video Stream, Layer II
*.mpg video/mpeg MPEG Video Stream, Layer II
*.mpp application/vnd.ms-project MS Project Project
*.ogg application/ogg, audio/ogg Ogg Vorbis
*.pdf application/pdf Portable Document Format
*.png image/png Portable Network Graphics
*.pot application/vnd.ms-powerpoint MS PowerPoint Template
*.pps application/vnd.ms-powerpoint MS PowerPoint Slideshow
*.ppt application/vnd.ms-powerpoint MS PowerPoint Presentation
*.rtf application/rtf, text/rtf Rich Text Format
*.svf image/vnd.svf Simple Vector Format
*.tif image/tiff Tagged Image Format File
*.tiff image/tiff Tagged Image Format File
*.txt text/plain Plain Text
*.wdb application/vnd.ms-works MS Works Database
*.wps application/vnd.ms-works Works Text Document
*.xhtml application/xhtml+xml Extensible HyperText Markup Language
*.xlc application/vnd.ms-excel MS Excel Chart
*.xlm application/vnd.ms-excel MS Excel Macro
*.xls application/vnd.ms-excel MS Excel Spreadsheet
*.xlt application/vnd.ms-excel MS Excel Template
*.xlw application/vnd.ms-excel MS Excel Workspace
*.xml text/xml, application/xml Extensible Markup Language
*.zip aplication/zip Compressed Archive

3、FileList上传文件数组

FileList对象都是一组文件对象的集合，而文件对象则拥有下列的属性：
name – 文件名（不包含路径）
type – 文件的MIME类型（小写）
size – 文件的尺寸（单位为字节）

lastModifiedDate 为上传文件的最后修改时间

通过上面的几个对象，我们能够控制用户上传的文件大小和文件类型，以便减轻服务器再次检测时的压力，并提升安全系数。

[javascript]
var a=document.getElementById("file");  
a.onchange=function(e){  
SPAN style="WHITE-SPACE: pre"> /SPAN> e=e || window.event;  
SPAN style="WHITE-SPACE: pre"> /SPAN> var b=e.target.files;  
SPAN style="WHITE-SPACE: pre"> /SPAN> alert(b[0].name);  
}  

var a=document.getElementById("file");
a.onchange=function(e){
 e=e || window.event;
 var b=e.target.files;
 alert(b[0].name);
}
4、拖动上传

dataTransfer 对象
dropEffect[=sCursorStyle]
设置或获取拖拽操作的类型和要显示的光标类型
copy：复制样式被显示
link：链接样式被显示
move：移动样式被显示
none：默认,没有鼠标样式被定义

effectAllowed[=sEffect]
设置或获取数据传送操作可应用与该对象的源元素
copy 选项被复制
link  选项被dataTransfer作为link方式保存
move  当放置时,对象被移动至目标对象
copylink  选项是被复制还是被作为link方式保存关键在于目标对象
linkmove 选项是被作为link方式保存还是被移动关键在于目标对象
all 所有效果都被支持
none 不支持任何效果
uninitialized 默认不能通过这个属性传递任何值

setData(sFormat,sData)     将指定格式的数据赋值给dataTransfer或者clipboardData     sFormat:URL,Text
getData(sFormat)     从dataTransfer或者clipboardData中获取值     sFormat:URL,Text
clearData([sFormat])     通过dataTransfer或者clipboardData中删除某种格式的数据     sFormat:Text,URL,File,HTML,Image

[html]
!DOCTYPE HTML>   
html>   
head>   
meta charset="utf-8">   
title> /title>   
style type="text/css">  
#DropZone{ border:1px solid #CCC; height:50px; }  
/style>  
/head>  
body>  
input type="file" multiple accept="image/gif,image/png" id="file">  
p id="DropZone"> /p>  
p id="Lists"> /p>  
script>  
var aa=document.getElementById("file");  
aa.onchange=function(){  
    fileDrop();  
}  
 
function fileDrop(e) {  
    e = e || window.event;  
      
    e.stopPropagation(); // 阻止冒泡 
    e.preventDefault();   //阻止默认行为 
      
    var files = e.dataTransfer.files;    //FileList 
      
    var output = [];  
      
    for(var i = 0, f; f = files[i]; i++) {  
        output.push('li> strong> ' + f.name + '/strong> (' + f.type + ') - ' + f.size +' bytes/li> ');  
    }  
      
    document.getElementById('Lists').innerHTML = 'ul> ' + output.join('') + '/ul> ';  
} ;  
  
function dragOver(e) {  
    e = e || window.event;  
      
    e.stopPropagation();  
    e.preventDefault();  
    e.dataTransfer.dropEffect = 'copy'; //指定拖放视觉效果 
} ;  
var d = document.getElementById('DropZone');  
  
try {  
    d.addEventListener('dragover', dragOver, false);  
    d.addEventListener('drop', fileDrop, false) 
} catch(ex) {  
    document.write('something must be wrong!');  
}  
 
/script>  
/body>  
/html>  

!DOCTYPE HTML>
html>
head>
meta charset="utf-8">
title> /title>
style type="text/css">
#DropZone{ border:1px solid #CCC; height:50px; }
/style>
/head>
body>
input type="file" multiple accept="image/gif,image/png" id="file">
p id="DropZone"> /p>
p id="Lists"> /p>
script>
var aa=document.getElementById("file");
aa.onchange=function(){
 fileDrop();
}

function fileDrop(e) {
    e = e || window.event;
    
    e.stopPropagation(); // 阻止冒泡
    e.preventDefault();   //阻止默认行为
    
    var files = e.dataTransfer.files;    //FileList
    
    var output = [];
    
    for(var i = 0, f; f = files[i]; i++) {
        output.push('li> strong> ' + f.name + '/strong> (' + f.type + ') - ' + f.size +' bytes/li> ');
    }
    
    document.getElementById('Lists').innerHTML = 'ul> ' + output.join('') + '/ul> ';
} ;
 
function dragOver(e) {
    e = e || window.event;
    
    e.stopPropagation();
    e.preventDefault();
    e.dataTransfer.dropEffect = 'copy'; //指定拖放视觉效果
} ;
var d = document.getElementById('DropZone');
 
try {
    d.addEventListener('dragover', dragOver, false);
    d.addEventListener('drop', fileDrop, false)
} catch(ex) {
    document.write('something must be wrong!');
}

/script>
/body>
/html>
5、FileReader文件预览，读取文件数据（同时可读取图片文件宽高）

FileReader包含四种异步读取文件的方式：
FileReader.readAsBinaryString(Blob|File) - result属性包含的是file/blob的二进制字符串形式的数据。每个字节由一个0-255的整数表示。
FileReader.readAsText(Blob|File, opt_encoding) - result属性包含的是以文本方式表示的file/blob数据。默认情况下，字符串以'UTF-8'编码方式解码。使用opt_encoding参数可以指定一个不同的格式。
FileReader.readAsDataURL(Blob|File) - result属性包含的是以data URL编码的file/blob数据。
FileReader.readAsArrayBuffer(Blob|File) - result属性包含的是以ArrayBuffer对象表示的file/blob数据。
一旦这些read方法被调用，onloadstart, onprogress, onload, onabort, onerror, onloadend就可以被用来追踪进度。

上传图片预览：

[html]
!DOCTYPE HTML>   
html>   
head>   
meta charset="utf-8">   
title> /title>   
style type="text/css">  
body{ margin:0; padding:0; }  
img{ vertical-align:bottom; }  
/style>  
/head>  
body>  
input type="file" multiple accept="image/gif,image/png,,image/jpeg" id="Files">  
p id="Preview"> /p>  
ul id="Errors"> /ul>  
script>  
function fileSelect(e) {  
    e = e || window.event;  
      
    var files = e.target.files;   //FileList Objects     
    var ireg = /image//.*/i, 
        p = document.getElementById('Preview');  
          
    var ul = document.getElementById('Errors');  
    for(var i = 0, f; f = files[i]; i++) {  
        if(!f.type.match(ireg)) {  
            //设置错误信息 
            var li = document.createElement('li');  
            li.innerHTML = 'li> ' + f.name +'不是图片文件./li> ';  
              
            ul.appendChild(li);  
              
            continue;  
        }  
          
        var reader = new FileReader();  
          
        reader.onload = (function(file) {  
            return function(e) {  
                var span = document.createElement('span');  
                var img = new Image;  
                img.alt=file.name;  
                img.onload = function() {  
                    console.log(img.height); // image is loaded; sizes are available 
                } ;  
 
                img.src=this.result;  
                span.innerHTML = 'img class="thumb" src="'+ this.result +'" alt="'+ file.name +'" /> ';  
                  
                p.insertBefore(span, null);  
            } ;  
        } )(f);  
        //读取文件内容 
        reader.readAsDataURL(f);  
    }  
}  
      
if(window.File & & window.FileList & & window.FileReader & & window.Blob) {  
    document.getElementById('Files').addEventListener('change', fileSelect, false);  
} else {  
    document.write('您的浏览器不支持File Api');  
}  
/script>  
/body>  
/html>  

!DOCTYPE HTML>
html>
head>
meta charset="utf-8">
title> /title>
style type="text/css">
body{ margin:0; padding:0; }
img{ vertical-align:bottom; }
/style>
/head>
body>
input type="file" multiple accept="image/gif,image/png,,image/jpeg" id="Files">
p id="Preview"> /p>
ul id="Errors"> /ul>
script>
function fileSelect(e) {
    e = e || window.event;
    
    var files = e.target.files;   //FileList Objects   
    var ireg = /image//.*/i,
        p = document.getElementById('Preview');
        
    var ul = document.getElementById('Errors');
    for(var i = 0, f; f = files[i]; i++) {
        if(!f.type.match(ireg)) {
            //设置错误信息
            var li = document.createElement('li');
            li.innerHTML = 'li> ' + f.name +'不是图片文件./li> ';
            
            ul.appendChild(li);
            
            continue;
        }
        
        var reader = new FileReader();
        
        reader.onload = (function(file) {
            return function(e) {
                var span = document.createElement('span');
    var img = new Image;
    img.alt=file.name;
    img.onload = function() {
     console.log(img.height); // image is loaded; sizes are available
    } ;

    img.src=this.result;
                span.innerHTML = 'img class="thumb" src="'+ this.result +'" alt="'+ file.name +'" /> ';
                
                p.insertBefore(span, null);
            } ;
        } )(f);
        //读取文件内容
        reader.readAsDataURL(f);
    }
}
    
if(window.File & & window.FileList & & window.FileReader & & window.Blob) {
    document.getElementById('Files').addEventListener('change', fileSelect, false);
} else {
    document.write('您的浏览器不支持File Api');
}
/script>
/body>
/html>
上传txt文件内容预览(需对> & '"|等符号进行过滤否则会中断读取)：

[html]
!DOCTYPE HTML>   
html>   
head>   
meta charset="utf-8">   
title> /title>   
style type="text/css">  
body{ margin:0; padding:0; }  
img{ vertical-align:bottom; }  
/style>  
/head>  
body>  
input type="file" multiple id="Files">  
p id="Preview"> /p>  
ul id="Errors"> /ul>  
script>  
function encodeHTML(source) {    
    //return source;  
    return source   
            .replace(/& /g, '& ')   
            .replace(//g, '')   
            .replace(/> /g, '> ') 
            .replace(//"/g, '"');  
} ;    
function fileSelect(e) {    
    e = e || window.event;    
        
    var files = e.target.files;   //FileList Objects       
    var ireg = /text//.*/i,   
        p = document.getElementById('Preview');    
            
    var ul = document.getElementById('Errors');    
    for(var i = 0, f; f = files[i]; i++) {    
        console.log(f.type);    
        if(!f.type.match(ireg)) {    
            //设置错误信息   
            var li = document.createElement('li');    
            li.innerHTML = 'li> ' + f.name +'不是文本文件./li> ';    
                
            ul.appendChild(li);    
                
            continue;    
        }    
            
        var reader = new FileReader();    
            
        reader.onload = (function(file) {    
            return function(e) {    
                var p = document.createElement('p');    
                p.className = "text"   
                p.innerHTML = encodeHTML(this.result);    
                    
                p.insertBefore(p, null);    
            } ;    
        } )(f);    
        //读取文件内容   
        reader.readAsText(f);    
    }    
}    
        
if(window.File & & window.FileList & & window.FileReader & & window.Blob) {    
    document.getElementById('Files').addEventListener('change', fileSelect, false);    
} else {    
    document.write('您的浏览器不支持File Api');    
}    
/script>  
/body>  
/html>  

!DOCTYPE HTML>
html>
head>
meta charset="utf-8">
title> /title>
style type="text/css">
body{ margin:0; padding:0; }
img{ vertical-align:bottom; }
/style>
/head>
body>
input type="file" multiple id="Files">
p id="Preview"> /p>
ul id="Errors"> /ul>
script>
function encodeHTML(source) {  
 //return source;
    return source 
            .replace(/& /g, '& ') 
            .replace(//g, '') 
            .replace(/> /g, '> ')
            .replace(//"/g, '"');
} ;  
function fileSelect(e) {  
    e = e || window.event;  
      
    var files = e.target.files;   //FileList Objects     
    var ireg = /text//.*/i, 
        p = document.getElementById('Preview');  
          
    var ul = document.getElementById('Errors');  
    for(var i = 0, f; f = files[i]; i++) {  
        console.log(f.type);  
        if(!f.type.match(ireg)) {  
            //设置错误信息 
            var li = document.createElement('li');  
            li.innerHTML = 'li> ' + f.name +'不是文本文件./li> ';  
              
            ul.appendChild(li);  
              
            continue;  
        }  
          
        var reader = new FileReader();  
          
        reader.onload = (function(file) {  
            return function(e) {  
                var p = document.createElement('p');  
                p.className = "text" 
                p.innerHTML = encodeHTML(this.result);  
                  
                p.insertBefore(p, null);  
            } ;  
        } )(f);  
        //读取文件内容 
        reader.readAsText(f);  
    }  
}  
      
if(window.File & & window.FileList & & window.FileReader & & window.Blob) {  
    document.getElementById('Files').addEventListener('change', fileSelect, false);  
} else {  
    document.write('您的浏览器不支持File Api');  
}  
/script>
/body>
/html>
读取上传txt指定区域文本内容：

[html]
!DOCTYPE HTML>   
html>   
head>   
meta charset="utf-8">   
title> /title>   
style type="text/css">  
body{ margin:0; padding:0; }  
img{ vertical-align:bottom; }  
/style>  
/head>  
body>  
input type="file" multiple id="Files">  
button type="button" id="buttons" data-start="0" data-end="3"> 确定/button>  
p id="range"> /p>  
p id="content"> /p>  
script>  
 
function readBlob(start, end) {    
    var files = document.getElementById('Files').files;    
        
    if(!files.length) {    
        alert('请选择文件');    
        return false;    
    }    
        
    var file = files[0],   
        start = parseInt(start, 10) || 0,   
        end = parseInt(end, 10) || (file.size - 1);    
            
    var r = document.getElementById('range'),   
        c = document.getElementById('content');    
            
    var reader = new FileReader();    
 
    reader.onloadend = function(e) {    
        if(this.readyState == FileReader.DONE) {    
            c.textContent = this.result;    
            r.textContent = "Read bytes: " + (start + 1) + " - " + (end + 1) + " of " + file.size + " bytes";    
        }    
    } ;    
 
    var blob;    
         
    blob = file.slice(start, end + 1, 'text/plain; charset=UTF-8');    
    reader.readAsBinaryString(blob);    
} ;    
    
try {    
    document.getElementById('buttons').addEventListener('click', function(e) {    
        if(e.target.tagName.toLowerCase() == 'button') {    
            var start = e.target.getAttribute('data-start'),   
                end = e.target.getAttribute('data-end');    
                    
            readBlob(start, end);    
        }      
    } );    
} catch(ex) {    
    alert('something error happens!')   
}    
/script>  
/body>  
/html>  

!DOCTYPE HTML>
html>
head>
meta charset="utf-8">
title> /title>
style type="text/css">
body{ margin:0; padding:0; }
img{ vertical-align:bottom; }
/style>
/head>
body>
input type="file" multiple id="Files">
button type="button" id="buttons" data-start="0" data-end="3"> 确定/button>
p id="range"> /p>
p id="content"> /p>
script>

function readBlob(start, end) {  
    var files = document.getElementById('Files').files;  
      
    if(!files.length) {  
        alert('请选择文件');  
        return false;  
    }  
      
    var file = files[0], 
        start = parseInt(start, 10) || 0, 
        end = parseInt(end, 10) || (file.size - 1);  
          
    var r = document.getElementById('range'), 
        c = document.getElementById('content');  
          
    var reader = new FileReader();  

    reader.onloadend = function(e) {  
        if(this.readyState == FileReader.DONE) {  
            c.textContent = this.result;  
            r.textContent = "Read bytes: " + (start + 1) + " - " + (end + 1) + " of " + file.size + " bytes";  
        }  
    } ;  

    var blob;  
       
    blob = file.slice(start, end + 1, 'text/plain; charset=UTF-8');  
    reader.readAsBinaryString(blob);  
} ;  
  
try {  
    document.getElementById('buttons').addEventListener('click', function(e) {  
        if(e.target.tagName.toLowerCase() == 'button') {  
            var start = e.target.getAttribute('data-start'), 
                end = e.target.getAttribute('data-end');  
                  
            readBlob(start, end);  
        }    
    } );  
} catch(ex) {  
    alert('something error happens!') 
}  
/script>
/body>
/html> File接口提供了slice方法支持把文件切成不同的片段,第一个参数是起始的字节数,第二个参数是结束的字节数，还有一个可选的内容类型字符串可以作为第三个参数。早期的chrome和firefox版本不支持file.slice   可使用file.webkitSlice和file.mozSlice替代，最新版本均支持file.slice。

6、文件读取进度

[html]
!DOCTYPE HTML>   
html>   
head>   
meta charset="utf-8">   
title> /title>   
/head>  
body>  
form>    
    fieldset>    
        legend> 分度读取文件：/legend>    
        input type="file" id="File" />    
        input type="button" value="中断" id="Abort" />    
        p>    
            label> 读取进度：/label> progress id="Progress" value="0" max="100"> /progress>    
        /p>    
        p id="Status"> /p>    
    /fieldset>    
/form>    
 
script>  
var h = {    
    init: function() {    
        var me = this;    
            
        document.getElementById('File').onchange = me.fileHandler;    
        document.getElementById('Abort').onclick = me.abortHandler;    
            
        me.status = document.getElementById('Status');    
        me.progress = document.getElementById('Progress');    
        me.percent = document.getElementById('Percent');    
            
        me.loaded = 0;    
        //每次读取1M   
        me.step = 1024 * 1024;    
        me.times = 0;    
    } ,   
    fileHandler: function(e) {    
        var me = h;    
            
        var file = me.file = this.files[0];    
        var reader = me.reader = new FileReader();    
            
        //   
        me.total = file.size;    
            
        reader.onloadstart = me.onLoadStart;    
        reader.onprogress = me.onProgress;    
        reader.onabort = me.onAbort;    
        reader.onerror = me.onerror;    
        reader.onload = me.onLoad;    
        reader.onloadend = me.onLoadEnd;    
        //读取第一块   
        me.readBlob(file, 0);  
    } ,   
    onLoadStart: function() {    
        var me = h;    
    } ,   
    onProgress: function(e) {    
        var me = h;    
            
        me.loaded += e.loaded;    
        //更新进度条   
        me.progress.value = (me.loaded / me.total) * 100;    
    } ,   
    onAbort: function() {    
        var me = h;    
    } ,   
    onError: function() {    
        var me = h;    
            
    } ,   
    onLoad: function() {    
        var me = h;    
    
        if(me.loaded me.total) {    
            me.readBlob(me.loaded);    
        } else {    
            me.loaded = me.total;    
        }    
    } ,   
    onLoadEnd: function() {    
        var me = h;    
            
    } ,   
    readBlob: function(start) {    
        var me = h;    
            
        var blob,   
            file = me.file;    
            
        me.times += 1;    
            
        if(file.slice) {    
            blob = file.slice(start, start + me.step + 1);    
        } else if(file.mozSlice) {    
            blob = file.mozSlice(start, start + me.step + 1);    
        }    
            
        me.reader.readAsText(blob);    
    } ,   
    abortHandler: function() {    
        var me = h;    
            
        if(me.reader) {    
            me.reader.abort();    
        }    
    }    
} ;    
    
h.init();    
/script>  
/body>  
/html>  

!DOCTYPE HTML>
html>
head>
meta charset="utf-8">
title> /title>
/head>
body>
form>  
    fieldset>  
        legend> 分度读取文件：/legend>  
        input type="file" id="File" />  
        input type="button" value="中断" id="Abort" />  
        p>  
            label> 读取进度：/label> progress id="Progress" value="0" max="100"> /progress>  
        /p>  
        p id="Status"> /p>  
    /fieldset>  
/form>  

script>
var h = {  
    init: function() {  
        var me = this;  
          
        document.getElementById('File').onchange = me.fileHandler;  
        document.getElementById('Abort').onclick = me.abortHandler;  
          
        me.status = document.getElementById('Status');  
        me.progress = document.getElementById('Progress');  
        me.percent = document.getElementById('Percent');  
          
        me.loaded = 0;  
        //每次读取1M 
        me.step = 1024 * 1024;  
        me.times = 0;  
    } , 
    fileHandler: function(e) {  
        var me = h;  
          
        var file = me.file = this.files[0];  
        var reader = me.reader = new FileReader();  
          
        // 
        me.total = file.size;  
          
        reader.onloadstart = me.onLoadStart;  
        reader.onprogress = me.onProgress;  
        reader.onabort = me.onAbort;  
        reader.onerror = me.onerror;  
        reader.onload = me.onLoad;  
        reader.onloadend = me.onLoadEnd;  
        //读取第一块 
        me.readBlob(file, 0);
    } , 
    onLoadStart: function() {  
        var me = h;  
    } , 
    onProgress: function(e) {  
        var me = h;  
          
        me.loaded += e.loaded;  
        //更新进度条 
        me.progress.value = (me.loaded / me.total) * 100;  
    } , 
    onAbort: function() {  
        var me = h;  
    } , 
    onError: function() {  
        var me = h;  
          
    } , 
    onLoad: function() {  
        var me = h;  
  
        if(me.loaded me.total) {  
            me.readBlob(me.loaded);  
        } else {  
            me.loaded = me.total;  
        }  
    } , 
    onLoadEnd: function() {  
        var me = h;  
          
    } , 
    readBlob: function(start) {  
        var me = h;  
          
        var blob, 
            file = me.file;  
          
        me.times += 1;  
          
        if(file.slice) {  
            blob = file.slice(start, start + me.step + 1);  
        } else if(file.mozSlice) {  
            blob = file.mozSlice(start, start + me.step + 1);  
        }  
          
        me.reader.readAsText(blob);  
    } , 
    abortHandler: function() {  
        var me = h;  
          
        if(me.reader) {  
            me.reader.abort();  
        }  
    }  
} ;  
  
h.init();  
/script>
/body>
/html>

觉得可用，就经常来吧！ 欢迎评论哦！ html5教程，巧夺天工，精雕玉琢。小宝典献丑了！

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