.Net Core如何读取Json配置文件

OK！步入正题,下面来说一下如何读取Json配置文件中的参数。

第一种:使用IConfiguration接口

我们先在appsettings.json中配置好数据库连接字符串,然后读取它

{
  "Connection": {
        "dbContent": "Data Source=.;
    InITial CataLOG=test;
    User ID=sa;
Password=123456"  }
,  "Logging": {
    "LogLevel": {
      "Default": "Information",      "microsoft": "Warning",      "Microsoft.Hosting.Lifetime": "Information"    }
  }
,  "AllowedHosts": "*"}
    

在控制器中注入IConfiguration接口

using System;
    using System.Collections.Generic;
    using System.Linq;
    using System.Threading.Tasks;
    using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
    using Microsoft.extensions.Configuration;
namespace Read.json.Controllers{
    [ApiController]    [Route("[controller]")]    public class ReadController : Controller    {
            PRivate IConfiguration _configuration;
        public ReadController(IConfiguration configuration)        {
                _configuration = configuration;
        }
            [HttpPost]        public async Taskstring>
 ReadJson()        {
                //读参            string conn = _configuration["Connection:dbContent"];
                return "";
        }
    }
}
    

当然也可以读取数组形式的json,一样的先在appsettings.json中写好配置参数，如下：

{
  "Connection": {
        "dbContent": "Data Source=.;
    Initial Catalog=test;
    User ID=sa;
Password=123456"  }
,  //------------------------  "Content": [    {
      "Trade_name": {
        "test1": "小熊饼干",        "test2": "旺仔QQ糖",        "test3": "娃哈哈牛奶"      }
    }
  ],  //------------------------  "Logging": {
    "LogLevel": {
      "Default": "Information",      "Microsoft": "Warning",      "Microsoft.Hosting.Lifetime": "Information"    }
  }
,  "AllowedHosts": "*"}
    

比如我们想读取test1

string commodity_test1 = _configuration["Content:0:Trade_name:test1"];
    

第二种：使用IOptionsT> 来读取json配置文件

先把NuGet包导进项目：Microsoft.Extensions.Options.ConfigurationExtensions

首先在appsettings.json中添加节点如下

{
  "Connection": {
        "dbContent": "Data Source=.;
    Initial Catalog=test;
    User ID=sa;
Password=123456"  }
,  //------------------------  "Content": [    {
      "Trade_name": {
        "test1": "小熊饼干",        "test2": "旺仔QQ糖",        "test3": "娃哈哈牛奶"      }
    }
  ],  //------------------------  "Logging": {
    "LogLevel": {
      "Default": "Information",      "Microsoft": "Warning",      "Microsoft.Hosting.Lifetime": "Information"    }
  }
,  "AllowedHosts": "*",  //==============================  "Information": {
    "school": {
      "Introduce": {
        "Name": "实验小学",        "Class": "中班",        "Number": "15人"      }
,      "Region": {
        "Province": "湖北",        "City": "武汉",        "Area": "洪山区"      }
,      "Detailed_address": [        {
          "Address": "佳园路207号"        }
      ]    }
  }
  //==============================}
    

然和再建立一个与这个节点"相同"的类

using System;
    using System.Collections.Generic;
    using System.Linq;
    using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace Read.json{
    public class Information    {
        public School school {
     get;
     set;
 }
    }
    public class School    {
        public Introduce Introduce {
     get;
     set;
 }
        public Region Region {
     get;
     set;
 }
            public ListDetailed_address>
 data {
     get;
     set;
 }
    }
    public class Introduce    {
        public string Name {
     get;
     set;
 }
        public string Class {
     get;
     set;
 }
        public string Number {
     get;
     set;
 }
    }
    public class Region    {
        public string Province {
     get;
     set;
 }
        public string City {
     get;
     set;
 }
        public string Area {
     get;
     set;
 }
    }
    public class Detailed_address    {
        public string Address {
     get;
     set;
 }
    }
}
    

在Startup中添加如下代码

            #region 服务注册,在控制器中通过注入的形式使用            services.AddOptions();
                services.ConfigureInformation>
    (Configuration.GetSection("Information"));
                #endregion

控制器中使用：

{
  "Connection": {
        "dbContent": "Data Source=.;
    Initial Catalog=test;
    User ID=sa;
Password=123456"  }
,  //------------------------  "Content": [    {
      "Trade_name": {
        "test1": "小熊饼干",        "test2": "旺仔QQ糖",        "test3": "娃哈哈牛奶"      }
    }
  ],  //------------------------  "Logging": {
    "LogLevel": {
      "Default": "Information",      "Microsoft": "Warning",      "Microsoft.Hosting.Lifetime": "Information"    }
  }
,  "AllowedHosts": "*",  //==============================  "Information": {
    "school": {
      "Introduce": {
        "Name": "实验小学",        "Class": "中班",        "Number": "15人"      }
,      "Region": {
        "Province": "湖北",        "City": "武汉",        "Area": "洪山区"      }
,      "Detailed_address": [        {
          "Address": "佳园路207号"        }
      ]    }
  }
  //==============================}
    

第三种：这种应该比较常见,任意读取自定义的json文件

首先建立一个json文件

{
  "system_version": {
    "Edition": ".Net Core 3.0",    "Project_Name": "Read.json"  }
}
    

再建一个类,封装一个方法

using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;
    using System;
    using System.Collections.Generic;
    using System.Linq;
    using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace Read.json{
    public class Json_File    {
        public IConfigurationRoot Read_Json_File()        {
                //这句代码会读取read_json.json中的内容            return new ConfigurationBuilder().AddJsonFile("read_json.json")                                             .Build();
        }
    }
}
    

在控制器中调用：

[HttpGet]        public async TaskIActionResult>
 ReadSystemVersion()        {
                VAR configuration = _json_File.Read_Json_File();
                string system = "使用的是" + configuration["system_version:Edition"] + "的版本" + "," +                            "项目名称是" + configuration["system_version:Project_Name"];
            return Json(new            {
                data = system            }
    );
        }
    

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