如何在阿里云的CentOS6上面配置Web服务器？

最近买了阿里云的CentOS系统的Linux服务器，花了些时间把环境配置了一下，用来发布后端。

1. jdk
2. Tomcat
3. Maven
4. Git
5. mysql5.7.17

CentOS环境初始化

1.CentOS备份

mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.backup

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2.下载新的CentOS-Base.repo

wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-6.repo

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3.生成缓存

yum makecache

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阿里云Centos环境初始化

http://mirrors.aliyun.com/help/centos

创建新用户

1. 创建用户

useradd -d /usr/用户名 -m 用户名

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2.设置用户密码

passwd 用户名

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设置新用户密码

3.修改配置文件

vim /etc/sudoers

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找到root后添加一条新用户的信息 ALL=(ALL) ALL意思是 用户=可以以root权限执行的命令 添加完成后 wq! 强制保存退出

到这里新用户的配置就结束了。

用新用户登录后注意要使用 “sudo”命令

创建安装包存放文件夹

用mkdir命令创建用来存放安装包的文件夹

mkdir developer

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注意不是root用户要用sudo

sudo mkdir developer

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配置JDk

1.检查是否安装JDk

rpm -qa| grep jdk

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使用这条命令检查是否安装jdk

2.下载JDk

官方下载地址

http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/archive-139210.html

使用wget命令下载JDk

3.重命名JDK

mv 原文件名 新文件名 这里要用空格分开

sudo mv jdk-7u80-linux-x64.rpm\?AuthParam\=1502245631_f04b3399ba732d3836923a1103166a05  jdk-7u80-linux-x64.rpm

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4.赋权

chmod 777 赋权对象，让所有用户都能使用JDK

sudo chmod 777 apache-tomcat-7.0.79.tar.gz

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5.安装JDK

sudo rpm -ivh 文件

sudo rpm -ivh jdk-7u80-linux-x64.rpm

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6.配置环境变量

sudo vim /etc/profile

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编辑配置文件

修改完成后wq！强制保存退出

生效配置文件

source /etc/profile

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到这里配置JDK就结束了。

7.检查JDK是否安装成功

java -version

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安装Tomcat

1.下载Tomcat

Tomcat官网

http://tomcat.apache.org/

选择自己要使用的版本下载tar.gz

sudo wget http://mirror.bit.edu.cn/apache/tomcat/tomcat-7/v7.0.79/bin/apache-tomcat-7.0.79.tar.gz

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2.解压Tomcat

tar -zxvf 解压文件

sudo tar -zxvf apache-tomcat-7.0.79.tar.gz

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3.将解压好的Tomcat文件放到/usr/local文件夹下

sudo mv apache-tomcat-7.0.79 /usr/local/

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4.修改Tomcat字符集编码

sudo vim /usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.79/conf/server.xml

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在Connector 里加入：URIEncoding=”UTF-8”

修改完成后wq！强制保存退出

配置环境变量

sudo vim /etc/profile

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编辑配置文件

修改完成后wq！强制保存退出

生效配置文件

source /etc/profile

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到这里配置Tomcat就结束了。

Maven配置

1.下载maven

sudo wget http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/apache/maven/maven-3/3.5.0/binaries/apache-maven-3.5.0-bin.tar.gz

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2.解压maven

 sudo tar -zxvf apache-maven-3.5.0-bin.tar.gz

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3.将解压好的Maven文件放到/usr/local文件夹下

sudo mv  apache-maven-3.5.0 /usr/local/

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4.配置环境变量

sudo vim /etc/profile

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编辑配置文件

修改完成后wq！强制保存退出

生效配置文件

source /etc/profile

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到这里配置Maven就结束了。

5.检查Maven是否安装成功

mvn -version

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Git安装

1.下载Git

该下载链接由慕课网提供

wget http://learning.happymmall.com/git/git-v2.8.0.tar.gz

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2.安装Git的依赖

sudo yum -y install zlib-devel openssl-devel cpio expat-devel gettext-devel curl-devel perl-ExtUtils-CBuilder perl-ExtUtils- MakeMaker 

3.解压Git压缩包

sudo tar -zxvf git-v2.8.0.tar.gz

4.安装Git

进入git目录

cd git-2.8.0

make安装

sudo make prefix=/usr/local/git all

sudo make prefix=/usr/local/git install

5.配置环境变量

sudo vim /etc/profile

修改完成后wq！强制保存退出

生效配置文件

source /etc/profile

到这里配置Git就结束了。

6.检查Git是否安装成功

git --version

mysql5.7.17安装

1.下载mysql

官方下载地址

https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/

sudo wget https://cdn.mysql.com/archives/mysql-5.7/mysql-5.7.17-1.el6.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

2.解压mysql压缩包

sudo tar xvf mysql-5.7.17-1.el6.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

3.安装mysql

1.删除mysql-lib(系统自带的版本过低)

sudo yum remove mysql-libs

2.安装依赖

sudo rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.17-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

sudo rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.17-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

sudo rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.17-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

sudo rpm -ivh mysql-community-devel-5.7.17-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

sudo rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.17-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

3.启动mysql 重启linux服务器

sudo shutdown -r now

启动数据库

service mysqld start

数据库初始化

1.初始化数据库

sudo mysql_secure_installation

mysql5.7.17加强了安全系统，需要去/var/log/mysqld.log下找到初始密码

vim /var/log/mysqld.log

收索 A temporary password is generated for root@localhost

Securing the MySQL server deployment.

Enter password for user root: –输入找到的初始密码

he existing password for the user account root has expired. Please set a new password.

New password: – 设置root用户的密码

Re-enter new password: – 再输入一次你设置的密码

The 'validate_password' plugin is installed on the server.
The subsequent steps will run with the existing configuration
of the plugin.
Using existing password for root.

Estimated strength of the password: 100 
Change the password for root ? ((Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : -是否更改root密码

New password:– 再输入一次你设置的密码

Re-enter new password: – 再输入一次你设置的密码

Estimated strength of the password: 100 
Do you wish to continue with the password provided?(Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : -确认更改root密码
By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user,
allowing anyone to log into MySQL without having to have
a user account created for them. This is intended only for
testing, and to make the installation go a bit smoother.
You should remove them before moving into a production
environment.

Remove anonymous users? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : -删除匿名用户?
Success.


Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from
'localhost'. This ensures that someone cannot guess at
the root password from the network.

Disallow root login remotely? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) :  –是否禁止root远程登录,根据自己的需求选择Y/n并回车,建议禁止

 ... skipping.
By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that
anyone can access. This is also intended only for testing,
and should be removed before moving into a production
environment.


Remove test database and access to it? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : – 是否删除test数据库,直接回车
 - Dropping test database...
Success.

 - Removing privileges on test database...
Success.

Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes
made so far will take effect immediately.

Reload privilege tables now? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : – 是否重新加载权限表，直接回车
Success.

All done! 

3.登录数据库

mysql -uroot -p

3.创建用户

CREATE USER '用户名'@'地址' IDENTIFIED BY '密码';
    

4.创建数据库

create database `数据库` default character set utf8 collate utf8_general_ci;
    

5.赋权

grant all privileges on 数据库.* to 用户名@localhost identified by '密码';
    

6.进入数据库

use 数据库

7.还原表

source 备份文件地址

8.设置开机启动

sudo chkconfig mysqld on

到这里服务器的配置就结束了

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