centos7如何自主正确地安装配置Nginx？
一、安装编译工具及库文件
yum -y install make zlib zlib-devel gcc gcc-c++ libtool openssl openssl-devel pcre pcre-devel
（PCRE 作用是让 Nginx 支持 Rewrite 功能）
二、安装Nginx
1、下载Nginx
下载地址：http://nginx.org/，选择稳定版本（例如：nginx-1.12.0.tar.gz）
2、将下载的二进制包移动到/usr/local目录，解压缩文件包
tar zxvf nginx-1.12.0.tar.gz
3、进入安装目录，编译安装
cdnginx-1.12.0
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-pcre --with-http_ssl_module
make
make install
安装完成后的摘要信息：
Configuration summary
+ using system PCRE library
+ using system OpenSSL library
+ using system zlib library
nginx path prefix: "/usr/local/nginx"
nginx binary file: "/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
nginx modules path: "/usr/local/nginx/modules"
nginx configuration prefix: "/usr/local/nginx/conf"
nginx configuration file: "/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"
nginx pid file: "/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid"
nginx error log file: "/usr/local/nginx/logs/error.log"
nginx http access log file: "/usr/local/nginx/logs/access.log"
nginx http client request body temporary files: "client_body_temp"
nginx http proxy temporary files: "proxy_temp"
nginx http fastcgi temporary files: "fastcgi_temp"
nginx http uwsgi temporary files: "uwsgi_temp"
nginx http scgi temporary files: "scgi_temp"
默认安装到/usr/local/nginx目录。
4、查看Nginx版本
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -v
输出结果如下：
nginx version: nginx/1.12.0
到此，nginx安装完成。
5、启动、关闭Nginx
#检查配置文件是否正确
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -V # 可以看到编译选项
#启动Nginx
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx # 默认配置文件 /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf，-c 指定
# 重新载入配置文件
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
#重启Nginx，不会改变启动时指定的配置文件
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reopen
#停止Nginx
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop
或
pkill nginx
三、Nginx配置
1、创建Nginx运行使用的用户www
/usr/sbin/groupadd www
/usr/sbin/useradd -g www www
2、配置nginx.conf，将/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf替换为以下内容
[plain]view plain copy
- userwwwwww;
- worker_processes8;
- error_loglogs/error.log;
- #error_loglogs/error.lognotice;
- #error_loglogs/error.loginfo;
- pidlogs/nginx.pid;
- events{
- useepoll;
- worker_connections1024;
- }
- http{
- includemime.types;
- default_typeapplication/octet-stream;
- #log_formatmain'$remote_addr-$remote_user[$time_local]"$request"'
- #'$status$body_bytes_sent"$http_referer"'
- #'"$http_user_agent""$http_x_forwarded_for"';
- #access_loglogs/access.logmain;
- client_max_body_size20M;
- client_header_buffer_size32k;
- large_client_header_buffers432k;
- sendfileon;
- #tcp_nopushon;
- #keepalive_timeout0;
- keepalive_timeout65;
- gzipon;
- gzip_min_length1k;
- gzip_buffers416k;
- gzip_http_version1.0;
- gzip_comp_level2;
- gzip_typestext/plainapplication/x-javascripttext/cssapplication/xml;
- gzip_varyon;
- proxy_buffer_size64k;
- proxy_buffers3232k;
- proxy_busy_buffers_size128k;
- server{
- listen80;
- server_namelocalhost;
- #charsetkoi8-r;
- #access_loglogs/host.access.logmain;
- location/{
- roothtml;
- indexindex.htmlindex.htm;
- }
- location~*\.(ico|css|js|gif|jpe?g|png)(\?[0-9]+)?${
- expiresmax;
- log_not_foundoff;
- }
- location^~/HFC/{
- proxy_passhttp://$remote_addr:8090$request_uri;
- proxy_set_headerHost$host;
- proxy_set_headerX-Real_IP$remote_addr;
- proxy_set_headerX-Forwarded-For$proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
- }
- #error_page404/404.html;
- #redirectservererrorpagestothestaticpage/50x.html
- #
- error_page500502503504/50x.html;
- location=/50x.html{
- roothtml;
- }
- #proxythePHPscriptstoApachelisteningon127.0.0.1:80
- #
- #location~\.php${
- #proxy_passhttp://127.0.0.1;
- #}
- #passthePHPscriptstoFastCGIserverlisteningon127.0.0.1:9000
- #
- #location~\.php${
- #roothtml;
- #fastcgi_pass127.0.0.1:9000;
- #fastcgi_indexindex.php;
- #fastcgi_paramSCRIPT_FILENAME/scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
- #includefastcgi_params;
- #}
- #denyaccessto.htaccessfiles,ifApache'sdocumentroot
- #concurswithnginx'sone
- #
- #location~/\.ht{
- #denyall;
- #}
- }
- #anothervirtualhostusingmixofIP-,name-,andport-basedconfiguration
- #
- #server{
- #listen8000;
- #listensomename:8080;
- #server_namesomenamealiasanother.alias;
- #location/{
- #roothtml;
- #indexindex.htmlindex.htm;
- #}
- #}
- #HTTPSserver
- #
- #server{
- #listen443ssl;
- #server_namelocalhost;
- #ssl_certificatecert.pem;
- #ssl_certificate_keycert.key;
- #ssl_session_cacheshared:SSL:1m;
- #ssl_session_timeout5m;
- #ssl_ciphersHIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
- #ssl_prefer_server_cipherson;
- #location/{
- #roothtml;
- #indexindex.htmlindex.htm;
- #}
- #}
- }
四、防火墙配置
CentOS7默认的防火墙为firewall
添加防火墙规则如下：
#firewall-cmd --add-port=80/tcp //http协议基于TCP传输协议，放行80端口
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